Introduction to Psychology

Abstract

Chapter 1. Introducing Psychology. 1.1 Psychology as a Science. 1.2 The Evolution of Psychology: History, Approaches, and Questions. 1.3 Chapter Summary. Chapter 2. Psychological Science. 2.1 Psychologists Use the Scientific Method to Guide Their Research. 2.2 Psychologists Use Descriptive, Correlational, and Experimental Research Designs to Understand Behavior. 2.3 You Can Be an Informed Consumer of Psychological Research. 2.4 Chapter Summary. Chapter 3. Brains, Bodies, and Behavior. 3.1 The Neuron Is the Building Block of the Nervous System. 3.2 Our Brains Control Our Thoughts, Feelings, and Behavior. 3.3 Psychologists Study the Brain Using Many Different Methods. 3.4 Putting It All Together: The Nervous System and the Endocrine System. 3.5 Chapter Summary. Chapter 4. Sensing and Perceiving. 4.1 We Experience Our World Through Sensation. 4.2 Seeing. 4.3 Hearing. 4.4 Tasting, Smelling, and Touching. 4.5 Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Perception. 4.6 Chapter Summary. Chapter 5. States of Consciousness. 5.1 Sleeping and Dreaming Revitalize Us for Action. 5.2 Altering Consciousness With Psychoactive Drugs. 5.3 Altering Consciousness Without Drugs. 5.4 Chapter Summary. Chapter 6. Growing and Developing. 6.1 Conception and Prenatal Development. 6.2 Infancy and Childhood: Exploring and Learning. 6.3 Adolescence: Developing Independence and Identity. 6.4 Early and Middle Adulthood: Building Effective Lives. 6.5 Late Adulthood: Aging, Retiring, and Bereavement. 6.6 Chapter Summary. Chapter 7. Learning. 7.1 Learning by Association: Classical Conditioning. 7.2 Changing Behavior Through Reinforcement and Punishment: Operant Conditioning. 7.3 Learning by In.